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authors: Bohdan Rokhman, Oleh Savchuk, Svitlana Bilous, Maria Novosad
Urgency of the research is determined by the dynamic transformations of educational and scientific discourses as well as the necessity of reconsidering of the phenomen of freedom as the fundamental essence of the formation of society.
Target setting. Polyvariability of challenges of modern civilization needs to involve category of moral choice, free realization of which is inseparably connected with the necessity of reconsidering of the phenomenon of freedom.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. In the literature, the problem of freedom was considered by many authors, in particular such as: M. Berdyaev, I. Berlin, V. Malakhov, V. Movchan, E. Fromm, F. Schelling, A. Schopenhauer. The development of the concept of freedom in education in the perspective of social transformations is carried out by M. Kaminska, and the conceptualization of the understanding of freedom through the prism of globalization by Ja. Gоreсka.
The research objective. To achieve the objectives effectively the authors set the following tasks: to characterize the optimal correlation between freedom and morals in the life of an individual and society; to determine differences between consciousness of necessity and conscious necessity; to differentiate the concepts of situational moral choice and strategic one.
The statement of basic materials. The authors define morals as a special mechanism of human relations regulation which functions under the condition of possibility of moral self-determination of a personality. They emphasize that a person is surrounded by a variety of necessities: he is governed by physical and social laws of a given society where he lives, its norms and rules, behavior stereotypes, traditions and rituals, economic necessity also shall to be taken into account. Demarcation of the subject fields of understanding of the category of moral choice as a way of realizing moral freedom determined by a set of factors of objective and subjective nature is being made in this investigation. Objective circumstances set certain external parameters for individual opportunities, making it difficult or easy for the process of personal self-realization. Strategic choice concerns first of all self-choice, i.e. the creation of one’s self by a person. It is emphasized in the article that the fatalistic opinion on this issue considers the choice to be a fiction, because it is conditioned by objective circumstances, and the decision is made under the pressure of objective necessity. The specificity of the ethical aspect of freedom lies in the fact that a person does not deal with the direct reflection of objective necessity in the phenomena and processes of nature and society, but with the norms that regulate his behavior.
Conclusions. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the authors reasonably generalize that the effectiveness of responses to the existing civilizational challenges, which are especially specified in the educational and cultural spheres, directly depends on the adequate perception of the phenomenon of freedom as a fundamental element of the life of society.
Key words: freedom, moral choice, axiological discourse, choice, responsibility, history of philosophy, cognition, research methodology
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author: Vasyl Lozovytskyi
Urgency of the research. The topicality of the topic is determined by the need to carry out a study of the methodology of modern post-metaphysical Ukrainian Orthodox theology of communication. It is important for us to consider how the methodology of post-metaphysical Ortho-dox theology was formed, what influences existed here at the level of ideas, concepts and approaches, and what is its position regarding the knowledge of the real.
Target setting. Modern post-metaphysical theology of communication arises on the wave of criticism of the prevailing in cinema. 20th century paradigms of constructivism and semantic pluralism, which develops postmodern approaches in which knowledge of the real loses its own criteria.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. In Ukrainian science, important work has been carried out on the understanding and criticism of the main Orthodox theological concepts and methodological approaches to the development of modern Orthodox theology. At the same time, the methodology of Ukrainian Orthodox postmetaphysical theology remains without proper research.
The research objective. Our task is to determine the main conceptual influences that became the ideological basis of O. Filonenko's post-metaphysical theology of communication; establish the circle of basic paradigms that he uses and within which he develops his opinion; to analyze O. Filonenko's position regarding the basic methodological concepts of constructivism and polysemanticism.
The statement of basic materials. As a result of the critical achievements of the representatives of the linguistic and pragmatic turns of the 20th century, the belief that knowledge and social practices are embedded in language was established, and this makes them so inseparable that we begin to see reality as the result of cognitive and social construction. They recognize the distance between the world and consciousness, between language and the objectivity of the world, which make the problem of encountering the real impossible. We investigated that the formation of O. Filonenko's postmetaphysical position was influenced by J. Derrida, J. Caputo, Zh.L. Marion, H.U. Humbrecht, J. Milbank. Under their influence, O. Filonenko questions the use of social constructivism as a universal social-humanitarian methodology and theological methodology
Conclusions. A tangible problem of the philosophy of the 20th century. the search for a way back to the real began. A significant contribution to its understanding was made by the representatives of the post-metaphysical paradigm, J. Derrida, Zh.L. Marion, H. Humbrecht and J. Mil-bank, who significantly influenced the formation of O. Filonenko's methodology. The Ukrainian thinker criticizes the concept of constructivism, as such, in which reality and God are forgotten, which appear as products of social and cognitive reconstruction.
Keywords: modern Orthodox Ukrainian theology, methodology of Orthodox theology, post-metaphysical theology, theology of communication
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author: Oleh Vereshchahin
Urgency of the research. Radical changes are taking place in the human living space in modern times, particularly the pluralization of lifestyles and their conceptualization in the modes of the art of living. Determining the functional potential of this style requires going beyond the history of decorative arts, fashion, and aesthetics and examining it in the problem field of philosophical anthropology.
Target setting. Military style design occupies a special place in contemporary culture. By shaping the aesthetics of the everyday space of modern Ukrainian people, it contributes to the consolidation and cohesion of society for the defense of the Motherland. The patriotic component of military-style design has significant educational potential. The volunteer sector uses the style of design to demonstrate dedication, solidarity, and professionalism in humanitarian and social initiatives.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The study of design as a cultural phenomenon has been covered in the plane of philosophical and cultural analysis, particularly in the research of Yu. Luhenyi, V. Danylenko, and I. Ryzhova. The study of elements of military culture is presented by J. Baudrillard and O. Shtokvysh. However, it should be noted that the consideration of design in the problem field of philosophical anthropology has not received sufficient coverage.
The research objective. To investigate the functional possibilities and educational potential of the military style in the strategies and practices of self-realization of modern Ukrainian people.
The statement of basic materials. Military style design can evoke feelings of power, authority, and discipline, as well as detachment, conformity, and violence. In this context, the role of the military component in modern Ukrainian society is justified. It is urgent to study the critical and ethical understanding of the use of design in military style and its potential consequences for human identity and well-being, taking into account historical and contemporary examples, as well as the diverse contexts in which it is applied.
Conclusions. Sociocultural aspects of military-style illustrate the complex relationship between military institutions and society, clearly demonstrating how fashion and style become a means of expressing and coordinating these relationships. The philosophical-anthropological conceptualization of design in military style allows us to identify the complementarity of processes of cultural integration and cultural adaptation of the individual in the spaces of the lifeworld.
Keywords: individual, self-realization, design, military style, patriotic education, war
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author: Ruslana Atashkadeh
Urgency of the research. The relevance of the socio-philosophical research of innovation in conditions of brain drain is determined by the existence of objective needs of society and the qualitative change of the subject of innovative activity.
Target setting. The article provides a conceptual understanding of the concept of “innovation”, a socio-philosophical analysis of innovation in the context of brain drain and its role in the development of modern society.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The essence of the concept of innovation is considered in the works of the following scientists analyzed in this article: P. A. Sorokina, O. S. Sheyko, P. Shtompki. In the context of this development, the works of the Polish researcher P. Shtompka, who comprehensively considered the phenomenon of innovations and innovations, proved to be fruitful.
The research objective. The purpose of the article is a socio-philosophical analysis of innovation, the relationship between tradition and innovation, the specifics of innovative activity in conditions of brain drain.
The statement of basic materials. Innovation is the process of creating special forms of transfer of individual and social experience, creative activity and result, which are devoid of analogies. The constructiveness of innovation, in conditions of brain drain, consists in the creation and development of a creative personality, which becomes a source of social progress, because it is a carrier of new experience. In the conditions of brain drain, due to the transformation of the subject of the social process, a specific feature of the functioning of innovation arises: the individual creative personality is necessarily manifested as the source and carrier of innovation.
Conclusions. In the conditions of brain drain, innovation in combination with tradition acquires syncretism, which is realized through the social separation of unification, standardization, universalization, on the one hand, and recognition by the community of innovative activity, intercultural communication, solidarity and humanism as sources of social progress - on the other.
Keywords: innovation, innovative activity, traditions, brain drain, modern society
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author: Ihor Kyvliuk
Urgency of the research. It is well known that a university has three main functions: providing education, developing science, and supporting the community. But social changes in the world have changed the role of the university. Its social role is growing in diversity and complexity. In a knowledge-based society, the public has high expectations of the university's performance and impact. Its traditional roles are no longer valid. This change in the role of the university is reflected not only in the way knowledge is produced, which has become more transdisciplinary and applied, but also in the active involvement of different institutional spheres, universities, firms, government and end users, creating new hybrid spheres to manage innovation dynamics.
Target setting. The system of higher education in modern Ukraine is undergoing significant reforms and modernization, which are caused by many factors, including the war to the greatest extent. It is quite difficult to assess the prospects for the qualitative results of the program of education renovation in Ukraine, as well as the changes that have created the current conditions.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Many world and national scientist have paid attention to the concept of the social role of the university: W. Humboldt, K. Jaspers, M. Heidegger, E. Toffler, D. Bell, N. Boychenko, N. Demianenko, M. Zubrytska, V. Kremen, M. Polyakov, S. Savchuk, and others. However, the vast majority of works are devoted to the analysis of the classical university, but the issue of relevance is not exhaustively disclosed, given the frantic pace of change and adaptation of the university to them.
The research objective. To reveal the key aspects of the social role of the university in the period of modernity and in the future, as well as to trace what factors have a direct impact on it.
The statement of basic materials. Despite the established aspects of the role of the classical university, the article considers topical issues and consequences caused by the social needs and challenges of today.
Conclusions. In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic and the war have significantly affected the process of providing education in Ukrainian universities and, accordingly, the performance of social functions. These changes have become a real challenge for universities, which have quickly adapted to the new conditions and learned to use modern technologies to provide quality education.
Keywords: university, social role, online education, distance learning, development of science, cultural center, formation of student's personality
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