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Category: Uncategorised

author:  Oleksandr Levchuk

 Relevance of the research.  In the current context of democratic transformations, extremism is acquiring new forms and manifestations that pose a real threat to political stability, security, and the integrity of the state. Transitional societies are particularly vulnerable to radicalization due to institutional instability, social fragmentation, and increasing political conflict. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of state and civic counteraction to extremism is both relevant and essential for strengthening democratic institutions, preventing crisis phenomena, and ensuring sustainable development.

Problem statement. The issue of countering extremism lies in determining the optimal model of interaction between the state and civil society in the field of security, as well as in developing effective preventive strategies and comprehensive mechanisms for responding to radical manifestations. During a democratic transition, a number of challenges arise related to the simultaneous need to guarantee citizens’ rights and freedoms while protecting society from extremist risks.

Analysis of recent research and publications. In the scientific discourse, a wide range of approaches has been presented for defining the essence of extremism, analyzing the causes of radicalization, and examining counteraction mechanisms. In particular, researchers such as A. Chervonenko, E. Kharitonov, and V. Ilyin emphasize the socio-political factors behind the emergence of extremist movements, the role of state institutions in ensuring security, and the importance of developing civil society as a tool for preventing radical trends. The scholarly contributions of the international community are also significant; for example, the works of S. Huntington, M. Howard, and S. Levitsky are analyzed in the study. International experience demonstrates the effectiveness of comprehensive models that combine coercive, informational, and preventive measures.

Research task. The aim of the study is to identify the key mechanisms of state and civil society counteraction to extremism during periods of democratic transformation, assess their effectiveness, and substantiate the possibilities for adapting them to the current conditions in Ukraine.

Main material presentation. The article analyzes the nature and characteristics of extremism in transitional societies, highlighting the main sources of population radicalization and the factors contributing to its spread. It examines institutional mechanisms of state counteraction, including legal, coercive, informational, and organizational measures. Particular attention is given to the role of civil society, including non-governmental organizations, media, educational institutions, and volunteer networks, in processes aimed at preventing radicalization. International practices are analyzed, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrated approaches based on partnerships between state and non-state actors. The study emphasizes the need to balance security provision with adherence to democratic principles.

Conclusions. The proposed analysis allows us to assert that effective counteraction to extremism during periods of democratic transformation is possible only through harmonious interaction between the state and civil society. The combination of coercive, legal, and preventive measures, the improvement of communication mechanisms, and the enhancement of political culture and trust between authorities and citizens are key factors in strengthening the democratic order. Building a resilient system for countering extremism is a necessary condition for ensuring stability and protecting democratic institutions.

Keywords: extremism, democratic transition, political stability, civil society, radicalization, political mechanism, democracy, security.

References:

1. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy 2001, Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy (Criminal Code of Ukraine), №25-26.
2. Ilin, VI 2019, Politychna radykalizatsiia v umovakh transformatsii demokratii (Political Radicalization in the Context of Democratic Transformation), Kyiv : NADU, 120 s.
3. Kontseptsiia borotby z teroryzmom v Ukraini (Concept of Combating Terrorism in Ukraine) 2013, Skhvaleno Ukazom Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 25 kvitnia 2013 roku № 230/2013. Dostupno : <https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/230/2013#Text> [15 Serpen 2025].
4. Kharytonov, YeO 2021, Polityka bezpeky v umovakh hibrydnykh zahroz (Security Policy in the Context of Hybrid Threats), Kyiv : Yurinkom Inter, 160 s.
5. Chervonenko, A 2022, Osvita yak instrument formuvannia demokratychnykh tsinnostei (Education as a Tool for Shaping Democratic Values), Lviv : Tsentr osvitnikh initsiatyv.
6. Acemoglu, D & Robinson, JA 2006, Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
7. Berman, S 2006, The Primacy of Politics: Social Democracy and the Making of Europe's Twentieth Century, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.  
8. della Porta, D & Diani, M 2006, Social Movements: An Introduction, Malden, MA : Blackwell Publishing.
9. Delmas-Marty, M 2018, Order and Disorder in the 21st Century, Paris : La Documentation Française.
10. Diamond, L 1999, Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation, Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University Press.
11. FATF Recommendations 2022, Financial Action Task Force. Available from : <www.fatf-gafi.org> [27 August 2025].
12. Fukuyama, F 1992, The End of History and the Last Man, New York : Free Press.
13. Hall, PA & Soskice, D 2001, Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage, Oxford : Oxford University Press.  
14. Howard, ME 2003, The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,.
15. Huntington, SP 1991, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century, Norman : University of Oklahoma Press.
16. Inglehart, RF & Welzel, C 2005, Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
17. Levitsky, S & Ziblatt, D 2018, How Democracies Die, New York : Crown.
18. Lijphart, A 1999, Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries, New Haven, CT : Yale University Press.  
19. Linz, JJ & Stepan, A 1996, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University Press.  
20. McFaul, M 2001, Russia's Unfinished Revolution: Political Change from Gorbachev to Putin, Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press.  
21. Nordic Council of Ministers 2021, Radicalisation in the Nordic Context, Copenhagen.
22. Norris, P 2002, Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political Activism, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
23. O'Donnell, GA 1994, ‘Delegative Democracy’, Journal of Democracy, 5(1), pp. 55-69.
24. OSCE/ODIHR 2020, Freedom of Expression and Combating Extremism, Warsaw.
25. Putnam, RD 1993, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy, Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
26. Rueschemeyer, D, Huber, E & Stephens, JD 1992, Capitalist Development and Democracy, Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
27. Schmitter, PC & Karl, TL 1991, ‘What Democracy Is... and Is Not’, Journal of Democracy, 2 (3), c. 75-88.
28. Skocpol, T 1992, Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States, Cambridge, MA : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.  
29. Snyder, T 2018, The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America, New York : Tim Duggan Books.
30. Stepan, A, Linz, JJ & Yadav, Y 2011, Democracy and Diversity: India and the American Experience, Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University Press.
31. Tarrow, S 1994, Power in Movement: Social Movements and Contentious Politics, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
32. Tilly, C 1990, Coercion, Capital, and European States, AD 990-1990, Cambridge, MA : Blackwell.
33. Tilly, C & Tarrow, S 2007, Contentious Politics, Boulder, CO : Paradigm Publishers.
34. Verfassungsschutzbericht 2022, Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat, Berlin.
35. Way, LA 2007, Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Post-Cold War, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.

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Category: Uncategorised

author:  Illia Sahaidak

 Relevance of the research. For Ukraine, the relevance of the topic is enhanced by the need to develop a long-term model of economic recovery and modernization, which would be based on the principles of sustainability, economic sovereignty, social security and integration into the European security space. In the EU countries, in turn, there is a growing awareness of the need to strengthen economic and energy security, adaptation to the new reality, where the policy of “soft power” no longer ensures stability. Therefore, the issue of economic security is becoming key for the formation of modern economic policy of both Ukraine and the European Union.

Problem statement. Modern economic challenges require a new scientific paradigm — an integrative model of security economics, which would allow states to maintain stability and competitiveness, providing protection from threats and creating a basis for long-term development.

Analysis of recent research and publications. The issue of economic security is considered in various conceptual planes, for example, during the period of F. Roosevelt's “New Deal”, when economic stabilization was considered an element of national security in the USA. Ukrainian researchers, in particular, Ya. Zhalilo, consider economic security as the ability of the economy to self-reproduce and resist destabilizing factors. Other scientists focus on the resilience of the economic system to external and internal threats (O. Skoruk, Z. Gbur), methods of their neutralization, mechanisms for ensuring competitiveness and socio-economic stability.

Research task. Theoretical justification and empirical analysis of the concept of security economy in the context of modern geopolitical challenges, as well as identification of key areas of economic policy of Ukraine and the European Union countries.

Main material presentation. The article analyzes Ukraine’s national strategies in the field of economic security since 2014, and shows how the military conflict forced the state to move towards the integration of defense, energy, financial and social mechanisms into a common economic paradigm. Particular attention is paid to post-war recovery programs, including grant initiatives, stimulating small and medium-sized businesses, supporting critical infrastructure and attracting international assistance.

It highlights research approaches to the analysis of economic growth as an ambiguous indicator of well-being and security, in particular with regard to environmental, social and institutional consequences. The concept of “economic socialization” is considered, which involves the development of human capital, social cohesion and citizen participation in decision-making as a key condition for sustainable development.

In the context of the EU, the emphasis is on changes in the security paradigm, which were manifested through the adoption of the Strategic Compass, strengthening the defense potential, energy transformation and the conclusion of security agreements with Ukraine. It is shown that the security economy is becoming a new model of cooperation between Ukraine and Europe, focused on long-term stability, strategic autonomy, and the protection of democratic values.

Conclusions. Economic security in the post-war recovery period will obviously be closely linked to social stability. After the war, many people face unemployment, loss of housing, and a decline in living standards. The state must ensure social support, the creation of new jobs, access to education, and health services. This will help avoid social tensions and ensure internal stability.

Keywords: security economy, economic security, post-war recovery, economic growth, social cohesion, public policy, institutional stability.

References:

1. Antykryzove upravlinnia ekonomichnoiu bezpekoiu v umovakh vyklykiv finansovo-ekonomichnoi hlobalizatsii (derzhavnyi i rehionalnyi vymiry) Anti-crisis management of economic security in the context of financial and economic globalization (state and regional dimensions) 2010, Monohrafiia, avt. kol.: Khvesyk, M., Stepanenko, AV, Ralchuk, OM & Dorosh, YM, Kyiv, 309 s.
2. Bondarenko, D 2023, ‘Osnovni hrupy naselennia, yaki potrebuiut sotsialnoho zakhystu v umovakh voiennoho chasu (Main population groups requiring social protection during wartime)’, Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu “Lvivska politekhnika”. Seriia: “Iurydychni nauky”, T.10, №4(40), c. 190-195.
3. Vlasiuk, OS 2011, Ekonomichna bezpeka Ukrainy v umovakh rynkovykh transformatsii ta antykryzovoho rehuliuvannia (Economic security of Ukraine in the context of market transformations and anti-crisis regulation), Kyiv : DNNU “Akad. fin. Upravlinnia”, 474 s.
4. Hbur, ZV 2018, ‘Ekonomichna bezpeka Ukrainy v suchasnykh umovakh (Economic security of Ukraine in modern conditions)’, Investytsii: praktyka ta dosvid, № 2, c. 97–101.
5. Honcharova, VO 2001, Vplyv tinovoi ekonomiky na ekonomichnu bezpeku derzhavy (The impact of the shadow economy on national economic security). Monohrafiia, Kharkiv : KhNU, 195 s.
6. Davydenko, C, Yehorova, O, Prykhodko, V, Matishak, P, Holonich, Ya, Kopinets, P, Machkinova, M & Dobrovolska, M 2017, Ekonomika ta ekonomichna bezpeka derzhavy: Teoriia i praktyka (Economy and economic security of the state: Theory and practice). Monohrafichnyi navchalnyi posibnyk, Chastyna 1. Uzhhorod, 383 s.
7. Korystin, OIe, Baranovskyi, OI & Herasymenko, LV 2010, Ekonomichna bezpeka (Economic security), red. Dzhuzhi, OM, Kyiv : Alerta, 368 s.
8. Ekonomichna bezpeka Ukrainy v umovakh dovhotryvaloi viiny. Ekspertno-analitychna dopovid (Economic security of Ukraine in the context of prolonged war) 2024, Kyiv: NISD, 71 s. Dostupno : <https://doi.org/10.53679/NISS-analytrep.2024.08>. [26 Berezen 2025].
9. Zhalilo, YaA 2003, Ekonomichna stratehiia derzhavy: teoriia, metodolohiia, praktyka (State economic strategy: Theory, methodology, practice). Monohorafiia, Kyiv: NISD, Ser. “Ekonomichni stratehii”, Vyp.8, 368 s.
10. Koshykov, DO 2020, Administratyvno-pravovi zasady realizatsii derzhavnoi polityky u sferi zabezpechennia ekonomichnoi bezpeky derzhavy (Administrative and legal foundations for implementing state policy in the field of economic security). Monohrafiia, Kharkiv : Panov, 544 s.
11. Muntiian, VI 1998, Ekonomichna bezpeka Ukrainy (Economic security of Ukraine), Kyiv : KVSh, 462 s.
12. Pyshchulina, O & Markevych, K 2022, Rynok pratsi v umovakh viiny: osnovni tendentsii ta napriamy stabilizatsii (Analitychna zapyska) (Labor market in wartime: Key trends and stabilization directions (analytical note)). Dostupno: <https://www.researchgate.net/deref/>. [26 Berezen 2025].
13. Postanova vid 20.03.2022 № 328, ‘Deiaki pytannia zabezpechennia naselennia prodovolchymy tovaramy v umovakh voiennoho stanu (Some issues of ensuring the population with food products under martial law)’. Dostupno: <https://online.budstandart.com/ua/catalog/doc-page.html?id_doc=103140>. [26 Berezen 2025].
14. Skoruk, OV 2016, ‘Ekonomichna bezpeka derzhavy: sutnist, skladovi elementy ta problemy zabezpechennia (Economic security of the state: essence, components and challenges)’, Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu, 6 (3), c. 39–42.
15. Stashchuk, OV, Herhola, SV & Komar-Stakhovska, KP 2022, ‘Stan sotsialnoho zakhystu ta sotsialnoho zabezpechennia naselennia Ukrainy v umovakh viiny (State of social protection and security in Ukraine during war)’, Ekonomiko-pravovyi rozvytok suchasnoi Ukrainy: materialy XI Vseukrainskoi naukovoi konferentsii studentiv, aspirantiv ta molodykh vchenykh, Odesa, c. 6-8.
16. Tomchuk, OV 2023, ‘Analiz rozvytku rynku pratsi v Ukraini: kliuchovi zminy i vyklyky voiennoho chasu (Labor market development in Ukraine: Key changes and wartime challenges)’, Innovation and sustainability, № 2, c. 110-117. Dostupno: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/>. [26 Berezen 2025].
17. Fedorovych, IM & Shevchuk, YaO 2024, ‘Sotsialnyi zakhyst naselennia v umovakh voiennoho stanu: cuchasnyi stan ta perspektyvy rozvytku (Social protection of the population during martial law: Current state and development prospects)’, Investytsii: praktyka ta dosvid, № 4, c. 161-167.
18. Tsvihun, TV 2017, ‘Ekonomichna bezpeka v systemi natsionalnoi bezpeky Ukrainy (Economic security in the system of national security of Ukraine)’, Ekonomika ta suspilstvo, Vyp. 11, c. 150–156.
19. Chechel, OM 2023, ‘Zabezpechennia prodovolchoi bezpeky derzhavy v umovakh voiennoho stanu v konteksti vykonannia punktu 5 Ukazu Prezydenta Ukrainy “Pro stan zabezpechennia prodovolchoi bezpeky” (Ensuring food security of the state under martial law in the context of implementing paragraph 5 of the Decree of the President of Ukraine “On the state of food security”)’, Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific and Practical Conference” Current Issues and Prospects for theDevelopment of Scientific Research” (November 19-20, 2023), Orléans, France, c. 572-578. Dostupno: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication>. [26 Berezen 2025].
20. Chubenko, AH 2014, ‘Teoretyko-pravovyi aspekt zabezpechennia ekonomichnoi bezpeky (Theoretical and legal aspects of economic security)’, Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii vnutrishnikh sprav, № 3, c. 88–101.
21. United Nations, 1985, December 17, International economic security. Resolution 40/173 adopted at the 19th plenary meeting. Available from : <https://docs.un.org/en/A/RES/40/173>. [26 March 2025].

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Category: Uncategorised

author: Maya Trynyak

 Relevance of the research is determined through the aspect of the purpose of education in national legislation. The author also draws attention to the fact that intercultural competence is important for the development of youth cohesion strategies.

Problem statement. The article states that revealing the problem of the foundations of the life creativity of Ukrainian youth in war conditions will contribute to the establishment of the values  of humanism and the rule of law, the harmonization of the cultures and values  of the European Union and Ukraine, and will make it possible to effectively involve young people in the processes of restoration of Ukraine in the post-war period.

Analysis of recent research and publications. It is noted that the arguments and conclusions in the article are based on the research materials of M. Byram (essence and structure of intercultural competence), M. Tryniak (phenomenon of intercultural communication), N. Radionova (life-creativity in the ethnocultural experience of the Ukrainian people), and others.

Research task: to specify the influence of intercultural competence on the life-creativity of Ukrainian youth in war conditions.

Main material presentation.  Intercultural competence is considered through the prism of theories of communication and language education. Multicomponent, structured intercultural competence is described based on materials by M. Byram) as a component of sociolinguistic competence and discourse competence. It is determined that aspects of the influence of intercultural competence on the life-creativity of Ukrainian youth in wartime conditions (stability, adaptability, active participation of Ukrainian youth in reconstruction) involve the development of the elements of the structure of intercultural competence according to M. Byram.

Conclusions. The understanding of elemental intercultural (cross-cultural) competence in synthesis with linguistic and social competences is presented. Key aspects of the influence of intercultural competence on the life-creativity of Ukrainian youth: resilience, adaptability, active participation of Ukrainian youth in reconstruction. We see the prospect of further research as the creation of cases of implementation practices of world and European experience in implementing policies of cohesion and life-creativity of Ukrainian youth in Ukraine and the world.

Keywords: intercultural competence, life creativity, youth, Ukraine, philosophy of education, competency-based approach, martial law, implementation, European integration, cohesion, strategy, creativity.

References:

1. Zakon Ukrainy “Pro osvitu” (Law of Ukraine “On Education”) 2017, Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady, № 38-39, st.380. Dostupno : <https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2145-19#Text> [30 Serpen 2025].
2. Kostiuchenko, T & Volosevych, I 2024, ‘Info Sapiens. Vplyv viiny na molod v Ukraini (Info Sapiens. The impact of war on young people in Ukraine)’, doslidzhennia Info Sapiens za initsiatyvy Ministerstva molodi ta sportu Ukrainy i tekhnichnoi ta orhanizatsiinoi pidtrymky proiektiv PROON “EU4Recovery – Rozshyrennia mozhlyvostei hromad v Ukraini” (EU4Recovery) ta “Pidtrymka hromadianskoho suspilstva ta molodi”, shcho realizovuiutsia za finansovoi pidtrymky Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu ta Uriadu Danii. Dostupno : <https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2024-12/undp-impact-of-war-on-youth-in-ukraine_0.pdf> [30 Serpen 2025].
3. Karpets, L & Khaustova, M 2025, ‘Osvita yak prostir vzaiemodii movy y zhyttietvorchosti (Education as a space for interaction between language and creativity)’, HUMANITIES STUDIES: Collection of Scientific Papers, ed.Voronkova, Zaporizhzhia : Publishing house “Helvetica”, № 24 (101), s. 188–194. Dostupno : <https://doi.org/10.32782/hst-2025-24-101-19> [30 Serpen 2025].
4. Radionova, N 2025, ‘Fenomen zhakhlyvoho u zhyttietvorchosti M. Hoholia: filosofsko-antropolohichnyi analiz (The phenomenon of horror in the life and work of M. Gogol: a philosophical and anthropological analysis)’, HUMANITIES STUDIES: Collection of Scientific Papers, ed. V. Voronkova, Zaporizhzhia : Publishing house “Helvetica”, № 23(100), c. 101–107. Dostupno : <https://doi.org/10.32782/hst-2025-23-100-11> [30 Serpen 2025].
5. Tryniak, M 2024, ‘Neverbalna komunikatsiia yak faktor adaptatsii v interkulturnomu prostori (Nonverbal communication as a factor of adaptation in intercultural space)’, “Osvitnii dyskurs: zbirnyk naukovykh prats”, Vypusk № (50), c. 23-28. Dostupno : <https://www.journal-discourse.com/uk/arkhiv/2024-rik/vipusk-50-7-9> [30 Serpen 2025].
6. Tryniak, M 2025, ‘Interkulturna komunikatsiia v osviti yak prostir dobrochesnosti: potentsial dyzainu osvitnoho seredovyshcha u spryianni etychnii vzaiemodii (Intercultural communication in education as a space of integrity: the potential of educational environment design in promoting ethical interaction)’, HUMANITIES STUDIES: Collection of Scientific Papers, ed. V. Voronkova, Zaporizhzhia : Publishing house “Helvetica”, № 23 (100), c. 206–211. Dostupno : <https://doi.org/10.32782/hst-2025-23-100-22> [30 Serpen 2025].
7. Tryniak, M 2011, Interkulturna komunikatsiia v osviti: tendentsii rozghortannia u suchasnykh sotsiokulturnykh kontekstakh (Intercultural Communication in Education: Trends in Contemporary Sociocultural Contexts). Dysertatsiia doktora filosofskykh nauk, Kharkiv, Kharkivskyi natsionalnyi pedahohichnyi universytet imeni H. S. Skovorody, 431 s.
8. Ukraina provodyt ostanniu zustrich v mezhakh skryninhu ukrainskoho zakonodavstva do prava YeS (Ukraine holds final meeting on screening Ukrainian legislation for EU law) 2025, Komunikatsiina komanda Ofisu Vitsepremierky z pytan Yevropeiskoi ta Yevroatlantychnoi intehratsii, 29 veresnia 2025. Dostupno : <https://eu-ua.kmu.gov.ua/news/ukrayina-provodyt-ostannyu-zustrich-v-mezhah-skryningu-ukrayinskogo-zakonodavstva-do-prava-yes/> [30 Veresen 2025].
9. Tsili staloho rozvytku (Sustainable Development Goals). Dostupno : <https://www.undp.org/uk/ukraine/tsili-staloho-rozvytku> [30 Serpen 2025].
10. Byram, M 1997, Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence, Clevedon : Multilingual Matters. Available from :<https://spada.uns.ac.id/pluginfile.php/253332/mod_resource/content/1/ICC%20Byram.pdf> [25 Setember 2025].

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Category: Uncategorised

authors: Olga Kyvliuk,  Oleksandr Khlon

 Relevance of the research topic. The study of intrapersonal communication, in particular the conflict between the alter ego and the super ego of the subject, is extremely relevant in the context of modern socio-political and psychosocial conditions that have developed in Ukraine. In times of war, prolonged socio-economic instability, security threats, large-scale migration, losses and collective traumatization, the mental health of the nation becomes one of the key resources for survival and recovery. Understanding the mechanisms of self-regulation, internal dialogue and personal integration is of particular importance, where the conflict between the alter ego (as an alternative image of the “I”) and the super ego (as an internal moral censor) plays a decisive role. The analysis of this internal conflict allows us to more deeply understand the nature of stress, feelings of guilt, internal pressure or dissatisfaction with oneself, as well as to outline ways to achieve personal integrity. Therefore, consideration of theoretical and methodological problems of studying intrapersonal communication through the prism of the alter ego and super ego conflict is not only scientifically sound, but also a socially important step towards building a mental health system in Ukraine.

Problem statement. The problem lies in the insufficient research of this phenomenon in scientific discourse, as well as in the absence of a holistic methodological model that would allow for a deeper analysis of the dynamics and consequences of such a conflict in modern conditions. That is, in this context, there is a need for theoretical understanding and comprehensive analysis of the problem of intrapersonal communication and the conflict between the alter ego and super ego within the framework of existential psychology and the dialogical theory of J.

Analysis of recent research and publications. J. Rowan in his works pointed to the important role of subpersonalities as forms of the alter ego. A. Henry paid considerable attention to the study of authenticity in the dialogical personality within the framework of the development of ideas about the dialogical theory of Y. Among the domestic researchers of the phenomenon of intrapersonal communication, it is worth noting O. Lazorko, T. Komar, T. Dutkevych.

Problem statement. To analyze the key concepts of intrapersonal communication in the context of dialogical theory; to identify, classify and detail the mechanisms of intrapersonal conflict between the alter ego (as a counterposition) and the super ego (as a moral instance), taking into account psychoanalytic and existential perspectives; to investigate the role of introspection as a reflective method of psychological research in the process of synthesizing contradictory desires/aspirations and possible therapies, as a tool for solving complex psychotherapeutic problems that may arise along the way.

Presentation of the main material. Theoretical and methodological problems of internal communication are rooted in the imbalance of multiple self-positions, where the conflict between the alter ego and the super ego intensifies the contradictions of desires and aspirations, but systematic introspection provides an effective synthesis of aspirations, transforming the conflict into a resource for growth. Based on the analyzed studies, the mechanisms of intrapersonal conflict as an ontological tension of contradictory desires and aspirations between consciousness and the subconscious are substantiated, with an emphasis on the role of the super ego as a barrier and the alter ego as a counterposition. Introspection is positioned as a method for the synthesis of aspirations. Existential psychology provides an ontological framework for understanding these processes, with an empirical effect on resilience, especially relevant for traumatic contexts. In general, the integrative model of the dialogical self-theory DST-existence demonstrates the potential for overcoming the dualism of consciousness/subconsciousness, taking into account cultural factors.

Conclusions. The study confirms that the theoretical and methodological problems of internal communication are rooted in the imbalance of multiple I-positions, where the conflict between the alter ego and the super ego intensifies the contradiction of desires and aspirations, but systematic introspection provides an effective synthesis of aspirations, turning the conflict into a resource for growth.

Keywords: alter ego, super ego, intrapersonal conflict, introspection, consciousness, subconsciousness.

Reference:

1. Dutkevych, TV 2005, Konfliktolohiia z osnovamy psykholohii upravlinnia (Conflictology with the basics of management psychology). Navchalnyi posibnyk, Kyiv : Tsentr navchalnoi literatury, 456 s.
2. Komar, TO 2021, ‘Psykholohichna kharakterystyka vnutrishnoosobystisnykh konfliktiv uchasnykiv ATO/OOS (Psychological characteristics of intrapersonal conflicts of the participants of ATO/OCF)’, Vcheni zapysky TNU imeni V.I. Vernadskoho Seriia: Psykholohiia, Tom 32 (71), № 2, c.129-134.
3. Lazorko, O 2025, ‘Vid ekzystentsiinoi kryzy do protsvitannia: chotyry blahorodni istyny yak intehratyvna ramka psykholohichnoi stiikosti osobystosti v umovakh viiny (From existential crisis to prosperity: four noble truths as an integrative framework of psychological stability of the individual in the conditions of war)’, Psychological Prospects Journal. Dostupno : <https://doi.org/10.29038/2227-1376-2025-45-laz>. [20 Serpen 2025].
4. Carter, W 2025, War in the Mind: The Psychosocial Fallout of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine, Pre prints.org. Available from : <https://doi.org/20944/preprints202507.1724.v1>. [20 August 2025].
5. Festinger, L 1957, A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford University Press.
6. Freud, S 1961, ‘The Ego and the Id’, In Strachey (Ed.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, London : Hogarth Press, Vol. 19, pp. 12-66.
7. Henry, A 2025, ‘Exploring Authenticity in the Dialogical Self: A Conceptual Assemblage’, Journal of Constructivist Psychology, pp. 1–21. Available from: <https://doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2025.2456789>. [25 August 2025].
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